The Role of International Law in the Settlement of Environmental Disputes Between Countries

Abstract

The resolution of transnational environmental disputes has become a global challenge that requires an effective international legal approach. Globalization and cross-border human activities have intensified environmental issues such as pollution, climate change, and deforestation, which demand shared responsibility. International law plays a role in regulating dispute resolution mechanisms, including through international agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement. However, the implementation and enforcement of international law face various challenges, such as state non-compliance and differing political interests. This study analyzes international legal instruments and available dispute resolution mechanisms with the aim of providing insights into the effectiveness of international law in addressing global environmental problems. The study emphasizes the need for closer international cooperation and stronger legal mechanisms to ensure environmental sustainability and justice for affected countries.