The Literature Review Method in Discourse Analysis: Syntax, Semantic Structure, and Interpersonal Function as an Analytical Framework

Abstract

This study investigates the literature review as a discursive practice by 
examining how syntactic structure, semantic organization, and 
interpersonal function operate within discourse analysis. Using a 
qualitative descriptive approach and a systematic literature review 
method, the research synthesizes findings from scholarly works that 
apply Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Systemic Functional 
Linguistics (SFL) to various texts, including political speeches and 
academic writing. The results show that syntax structures the 
organization of discourse through hierarchical patterns, clause 
relations, and textual sequencing. Semantic structure constructs 
meaning networks through conceptual, referential, and evaluative 
relations, revealing how writers establish themes, connect ideas, and 
develop interpretations. Interpersonal function emerges through stance
taking, modality, pronoun choice, and evaluative language, positioning 
writers as interpreters and argument builders. Across the reviewed 
studies, integrative literature reviews demonstrate the most complex 
discursive features by combining layered syntactic patterns, abstract 
semantic relations, and explicit evaluative voice. This study concludes 
that analyzing literature reviews through the lenses of syntax, semantic 
structure, and interpersonal function provides a comprehensive 
framework for understanding how academic texts construct knowledge, 
negotiate meaning, and shape authorial positioning within discourse 
analysis.